Vacancies in the Office of Speaker of the House

Vacancies Occurring When the House is in Session

CongressNameReason for DepartureDateVacancy Length (in Days)
13th Congress (1813–1815)Henry ClayResignedJanuary 19, 18140
23rd Congress (1833–1835)Andrew StevensonResignedJune 2, 18340
40th Congress (1867–1869)Schuyler ColfaxResignedMarch 3, 18690
74th Congress (1935–1937)Joseph W. ByrnsDiedJune 4, 19360
76th Congress (1939–1941)William B. BankheadDiedSeptember 15, 19401
101st Congress (1989–1991)Jim WrightResignedJune 6, 19890
114th Congress (2015–2017)John A. BoehnerResignedOctober 29, 20150
118th Congress (2023–2025)Kevin McCarthyThe Office of the Speaker was declared vacant following passage of H. Res. 757.October 3, 202322

Vacancies Occurring When the House is Out of Session

CongressNameReason for DepartureDateVacancy Length (in Days)
16th Congress (1819–1821)Henry ClayResignedOctober 28, 182016 1
44th Congress (1875–1877)Michael C. KerrDiedAugust 19, 1876107
73rd Congress (1933–1935)Henry T. RaineyDiedAugust 19, 1934138
87th Congress (1961–1963)Sam RayburnDiedNovember 16, 196155

Additional Resources

“A Chair Made Illustrious”: A Concise History of the U.S. House Speakership
The Speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives has held a central role in American society since 1789. This publication provides a concise history of the Speakership and shows how lawmakers have shaped the office over time.

Information on vacancies at the start of a Congress can be found on Speaker Elections Decided by Multiple Ballots.

Whereas: Stories from the People's House
The following stories from our blog dive deeper into incidents of vacancies and motions to vacate in the Speaker's Office.

  • Henry Clay’s On-Again, Off-Again Relationship with the House
  • “A Mob in Search of a Speaker”
  • The Speaker Inquisition of 1856
  • “The Speaker Bluffed You” — Joe Cannon and the 1910 Motion to Vacate the Chair 
  • The Rise of Speaker Longworth: Velvet on Iron
  • Footnotes

    1Balloting at the opening of the 16th Congress (1819–1821) extended the vacancy in the Speaker's office an additional two calendar days.